Types of Roofs in Building Construction: A Comprehensive Guide
The concrete roofing has been done by using tile, stone, asphalt or other types of roofing materials, which makes the building roofs extremely durable. The acrylic waterproof coat on the concrete roofs helps to reflect heat, thus helping to make an efficient energy-saving roofing system for the building structure.
The concrete roof construction has been done in three layers in general. The concrete roofing helps to protect the building structure from extreme rain, hail or wind. In addition, the installation of the solid concrete building along with a concrete roofing system helps to hold the entire building structure well under earthquake stress. The concrete roofing system is also more resistant to fire, water damage and termites, which helps to reduce the insurance cost of the building structure. There is more support required for the concrete roofing system.
The concrete roofing can be extremely durable in case of the building structure has concrete walls, concrete floors and supporting columns. The concrete roof construction process is more expensive as compared to the traditional roofing system, though the concrete roofing system can last for a lifetime with minimal maintenance.
Discuss the concrete roof construction steps
The concrete roof construction process has been done by following several steps, which are as follows:
Safety precautions
At first, the builders have to understand the gravity of the construction project, as well as requires to take the safety precautions. All the builders need to carry safety gloves, helmets, boots and other types of safety gear.
Determining the sizes
In the next step, it needs to be figured out the size of the concrete blocks that are required for the concrete roof construction.
Placement of the steel joists
In the next step, the steel joist needs to be placed, as it helps to provide a strong foundation for the concrete roofs. In this case, the bottom of the steel joist should have to rest on the wall or the beam, which helps to provide support to the steel joist.
Installation of the concrete slabs
In the next step, the concrete slab has been placed on the face of the hoists, and the open end of the concrete slab should face sideways. All the concrete slabs have been placed in one row after another.
Examining the grooves
The builders should find the grooves on the concrete blocks. The W1.7 wire needs to be placed into the grooves, these wires need to be bent at the end of the row of the concrete slabs.
Installing reinforcing bars
In the next step, the full-length reinforcing bars need to be inserted into the unit. The reinforcing bars should be inserted through the space between the end of the slab and the steel joist.
Grout preparation
After inserting the reinforcing bars, the grout mixture should be prepared, which is capable of holding the concrete roof in the right place. The sand and Portland cement are required to prepare the grout mixture.
Grout pouring
In the next step, the grout mixture needs to be poured into the space among the rows of the concrete slab, which helps to cover the joists. After pouring the grout mixture, the concrete will absorb the grout mixture. In this context, the builders have to moisten the top of the concrete layer and have to introduce more grout mixture. Thus, the grooves can be filled with the grout mixture, which helps to ensure that the wires have been embedded properly.
Curing process
In the final step, the concrete roof needs to be cured properly.
Different types of concrete roof construction techniques for the buildings
There are different types of concrete flooring solutions for the building structures, which are as follows:
One-way slab
The one-way slab is the reinforced concrete slab, which can resist a single direction of load.
Two-way slab
The two-way slabs have the ability to carry heavy loads in both directions. The two-way slab can be used in the vast spaces where a uniform distribution of the load is needed.
Flat plate slab
The flat plate slab helps to eliminate the requirement for beams, as these types of slabs are supported by the caps or columns. Thus, the flat plate slab helps to simplify the construction procedure, as well as minimises the requirement for the formwork.
Sunshade slab
These types of slabs help to provide sunshade to the building structure by providing shapes from the sunlight. Thus, these types of slabs help to create a comfortable environment for the balconies or outdoor areas of the building structure.
Bubble deck Slab
The bubble deck slab has been constructed by placing the prefabricated plastic sphere within the slab. These types of slabs help to reduce the weight of the concrete slab, as well as help to minimise the overall cost.
Sunken slab
In the places with plumbing fixtures, these types of slabs can be used.
Pre-tension slab
These types of slabs help to improve the strength and stability of the slabs, which are appropriate for high-load-bearing building structures.
To learn more, watch the following video tutorial.
Video Source: UltraTech Cement
Post-tension slabs
The load-bearing capacity of the slabs can be enhanced with the help of these types of slabs. These types of slabs help to reduce the structural concerns of the building.
Waffle slab
The waffle slab helps to build the wide spans without any kind of interruptions from the columns.
Pitched roof slabs
These types of roof slabs have a sloped surface, which helps to promote an excellent drainage system, thus preventing the collection of water on the roof.
